Thiskitissuitablefortheidentificationandenumerationofdeadcells,suchasapoptoticornecroticcells,byflowcytometry.
TheAnnexinV-FITCKitcontainsreagentsforthesimultaneousfluorescentdetectionofapoptotic,necrotic,anddeadcellsthroughthespecificbindingofFITC-labeledAnnexinVtophosphotidylserine(PS).ThekitconsistsofAnnexinV-FITC,AnnexinVBindingBuffer,andPropidiumIodideSolution.
Inmostnormal,viableeukaryoticcells,thenegativelychargedphospholipidPSislocatedinthecytosolicleafletoftheplasmamembranelipidbilayer.
1PSredistributionfromtheinnertotheouterleafletisanearlyandwidespreadeventduringapoptosis.
1,2However,innecrosis,PSbecomesaccess
IBLeduetothedisruptionofmembraneintegrity.
2Apartfromnecrosisandapoptosis,PSalsobecomesaccessibleinactivatedplatelets
3,incertaincellanomaliessuchassicklecellanemia
4,inerythrocytesenescence
5,upondegranulationofmastcells
6,andincertainstagesofBcelldifferentiation
7.PSexposurebyapoptoticcellsservesasatriggerfortherecognitionandremovalbymacrophages.
8,9AnnexinVisa35kDaphospholipid-bindingproteinandhasahighaffinityforPSinthepresenceofphysiologicalconcentrationsofcalcium(Ca2+).10